The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
The effect of process variables on uronic acids (UAs) and hexenuronic acids (HexAs) in the annual crop Arundo donax L. during ethanol–alkali pulping has been examined. A substantial loss of UA moieties (up to 90%) was observed by the end of pulping (target kappa number 18) performed with 25% NaOH and 40% EtOH (by volume) within the temperature range of 130–150 °C. At the same time, the progressive...
The molecular geometries from crystal structures of 23 small molecules such as cellobiose were reviewed and extrapolated to give model cellulose chains. Within a given model, all monosaccharide units and their linkages are identical so the models are regular helices. Despite fairly large ranges for the glycosidic linkage torsion angles Φ and ψ, 29° and 57°, respectively, there is little variation...
Solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy was used to characterize a bleached softwood kraft pulp in the never-dried state and after cycles of drying and remoistening. Changes in NMR signal strengths indicated that growth of crystalline domains involved cocrystallization rather than accretion of cellulose from noncrystalline domains. A cluster of C-4 signals at 89.4 ppm, assigned to the interiors of crystalline...
A series of cellulose benzoates with different degrees of substitution (DS) were prepared by aminolysis under homogeneous conditions. Using them as a stationary phase, the dependence of the chromatographic chiral recognition of cellulose benzoate (CB) on its DS was studied under normal phase conditions. For most enantiomeric pairs, chiral recognition decreased along with the decrease in DS. However,...
Molecular motions of cellulose chains in aqueous environments were investigated by comparison with those in non-aqueous environments using molecular simulation techniques. The cellulose chains under non-aqueous conditions approached each other closely and then made tight aggregates that were formed by direct hydrogen bonding. Those in aqueous environments, such as in a bio-system, were separated from...
Flory's lattice theory for rigid rod molecules and Kuhn chains is used to calculate phase diagrams for cellulose/ammonia/ammonium thiocyanate solutions. Persistence length values measured by light scattering and reported previously are used as rod length values. Variations in the phase diagram based on varying rod length/solvent composition and cellulose molecular weight are explored. Spinodal curves...
Periodate oxycellulose was subjected to alkaline hydrolysis at room temperature in both homogeneous (cupriethylenediamine) and heterogeneous (sodium hydroxide) medium, and the degradation kinetics was followed for nearly three months. By comparing the obtained results with the degradation kinetics of both hydrocellulose and periodate oxycellulose reduced with tert-butylamine borane, it was demonstrated...
The supermolecular structure of dissolving pulps produced from hardwood by the organosolv processes Acetosolv, Formacell, and Milox was characterized by physical methods (TEM, WAXS, SAXS, NMR) and compared with conventional Sulfite and standard commercial dissolving pulps. The suitability of the pulps for the NMMO technology was tested by spinning fibres and blowing films, whose structural and mechanical...
In the series of soluble and film-forming aminocelluloses for application as enzyme-compatible support matrices, novel derivatives with xylylene diamine residues selectively at C6 and solubilizing carbanilate groups were synthesized. Synthesis of these aminocelluloses was successful in three reaction steps starting from cellulose (Avicel PH 101) via tosylcellulose with degree of substitution of 0...
13C-NMR chemical shifts were measured for C-4 and C-6 in a collection of eight crystalline glucoses and glucosides. The influence of the hydroxymethyl conformation was greater at C-4 than at C-6, with mean chemical shifts for gauche–trans molecules displaced 3.1 ppm (C-4) and 2.5 ppm (C-6) relative to gauche–gauche molecules. This information was used to interpret 13C-NMR spectra of crystalline celluloses...
New acidic organosolv pulping processes, such as Acetosolv, Formacell and Milox, promise to have superior potential in terms of purification selectivity and specific investment costs. Consequently, a thorough investigation of these new acidic pulping processes in comparison to state-of-the-art acidic magnesium sulfite technology was conducted. The impact of pulping and bleaching parameters on the...
We have demonstrated for the first time that a mechano-chemical treatment of native cellulose with a specific amount of water (∼30 wt%) present ID the cellulose solid state caused the crystalline transformation from cellulose I into cellulose ID polymorph. X-ray diffractometry was used to show that the extent of transformation into cellulose ID increased with milling time. This specific phenomenon...
An optimization study of the preparation of spin-coated cellulose model films from the NMMO/DMSO system on silicon wafers has been made. The study shows that the cellulose concentration ID the solution determines the cellulose film thickness and that the temperature of the solution affects the surface roughness. A lower solution temperature results ID a lower surface roughness at cellulose concentrations...
A series of miscible cellulose ester/poly (vinyl phenol) (CE/PVP) blends containing a latent formaldehyde source were prepared. Due to the low molecular weight of the PVP, the maximum PVP content ID the films was 50 wt %. The blends were then thermally cross-linked ID an attempt to create semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPN). The blends were characterized with differential scanning calorimetry,...
The topic of this contribution ID a novel method for regioselective esterification of starch, similar polysaccharides and cyclodextrines avoiding protecting or activating groups. A broad spectrum of polysaccharides could be acylated selectively at the C-2 position of the AGU. The reaction principle ID based on a transesterification of a carboxylic acid vinyl ester with the hydroxyl groups of the polymer...
This paper reviews the discovery of channels ID starch granules and progress of research on their effects on granule modification and digestibility, their nature, hypotheses on how they are formed and why they are present, and genetic control of their occurrence. Emphasized ID the relationship of channels to starch derivatization. Channelization ID presented as additional evidence of the heterogenous...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.